Failure to sanitize input or escape output can result in consequences like denial of service due to a crash caused by excessive emojis or manipulation of log files by ransomware gangs to appear empty or normal. This security issue is ubiquitous and has been handled periodically by terminal makers and developers with requests to sanitize input and stop using escape sequences, respectively. OSC8 allows including links in text and can be used maliciously, while OSC52 adds clipboard support to terminals and can be abused to inject malicious content. To arise a way of abusing them, Stök found operating system commands (OSCs) to accomplish his goal. There have been historical attacks using ANSI escape sequences for inspiration. Stök highlights that UIs can be designed and injected entirely using escape sequences, making the potential for exploitation limitless. However, if any tool in the chain accepts ANSI escape sequences, an attacker can embed carefully crafted codes in a log file, leading to a distorted or manipulated view of the system. Running logs through tools like cat, grep, awk, or log file viewers can display their contents. ![]() Log files are crucial for creating a timeline of a breach and investigating strange system behavior. Security researcher and creative director Fredrik “Stök” Alexandersson emphasizes the importance of cleaning user input before handling log files. However, these sequences have also been neglected as a security risk. ![]() It’s important to remove these codes from input data before logging it to mitigate potential exploits.ĪNSI escape sequences have been widely used for decades and can be used to modify text and background color, style, and even create graphical user interfaces in a command-line environment. While these sequences can enhance readability, they can also pose a security risk if they are ingested into log files or processed by buggy software. ![]() Working in a command-line terminal often involves dealing with ANSI escape sequences, which are codes that add color and other highlights to text.
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